Role of Fine-Needle Aspiration Cytology (FNAC) and Its Limitations in the Preoperative Diagnosis of Thyroid Cancer

Abstract

The assessment of thyroid nodules typically involves a diagnostic technique known as fine-needle aspiration cytology (FNAC). The purpose of this study was to determine the function that FNAC plays in the identification of thyroid lesions, as well as the diagnostic limits of this technique. in the current study, a total of 50 participants were included. Radiological tests like ultrasound and CT scan were performed for the initial screening of the lesions. Fine needle aspiration cytology was also performed to assess its diagnostic role. The study was carried out at Combined Military Hospital Peshawar, Pakistan. Participants in the study ranged in age from 10-80 years. The findings of this research indicate that fine-needle aspiration cytology, has the ability to detect thyroid lesions with a sensitivity of 78.9% and a specificity of 83.3%. However, it is essential to keep in mind that the precision of FNAC might change depending on a number of different conditions. In conclusion, fine-needle aspiration cytology, is an effective diagnostic method that can be used to locate thyroid abnormalities. According to the findings of this research, the FNAC test has a sensitivity of 78.9% and a specificity of 83.3% when it comes to detecting thyroid lesions. These measurements are useful indicators of the correctness of a diagnostic test and can lend a hand in deciding what course of action to take in a clinical setting.