Study of an Electron Magnetohydrodynamic Flow of Iron Oxide Nanofluid under the Impacts of Heat Generation/Absorption

Abstract

This study is primarily concerned with the heat transmission properties of the Fe₃O₄- water base nanofluid, as it flows across an exponentially impermeable shrinking/stretching surface. The proposed study examines how a boundary layer fluid flow toward a shrinking/stretching surface is affected by an electric field, heat generation/absorption, and surface impermeability. Partial differential equations (PDEs) are used to illustrate the sense of flow. Using the proper similarity transformation technique, the PDEs are converted into the system of ODEs. The firing process is then applied to these altered equations. The study shows that the momentum profile fluctuates by increasing the values of variable viscosity parameter, while intensified by varying electricity, and magnetic field parameters. The converse happens when the impermeability parameter is increased. The temperature profile is also improved by an increase in heat absorption and magnetic field parameters. On the Nusselt number profile: The Prandtl number increases the Nusselt number whereas, the mixed convection parameter decreases the Nusselt number of the system. The results may be useful in various technical domains, including optimizing the petroleum pipeline flow. The findings can help direct further research in this field and advance our understanding of heat and mass transmission mechanisms.