Deconstructing The Breadwinner: A Freudian Analysis of Personality, Identity and Obligation

Abstract

The study employs a qualitative literary analysis of the psychological aspects of the characters portrayed in the novel, The Breadwinner, by Deborah Ellis using the structural model of personality by Sigmund Freud; and addresses how the interplay of these psychic structures (Id, Ego, and Superego) shapes decision-making, motivation, and behavior in the novel. Parvana, the protagonist, serves as the primary focus, while the roles of her father, mother, and sister are also considered in relation to Freudian theory. By diving into both primary texts and secondary sources, this research showcases how subconscious drives, rational negotiation, and ethical principles come to life through character actions and the unfolding of the narrative. It pays special attention to Parvana’s psychological dynamics, highlighting how the interplay of her inner drives helps her remain resilient and adaptable when faced with challenges. The study explores the balance between the Id, Ego, and Superego to uncover deeper motivations, alongside the more surface-level conflicts and resolutions woven into the story. The findings indicate that subconscious urges, logical thought, and ethical considerations play a crucial role in shaping choices and behaviors. In Parvana’s journey, the analysis underscores the psychological frameworks that influence her actions and bolster her determination during tough times. Ultimately, the interaction of the Id, Ego, and Superego not only drives individual actions but also sheds light on the tension between mere existence and ethical responsibility, providing richer insights into human behavior.

   Keywords: Psychoanalysis, Id, Ego, Superego, The Bread Winner.